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Diabetes

Relationship between healthy habits and sociodemographic variables and risk of diabetes type 2.

Cancer

High adherence to Western dietary pattern and prostate cancer risk: findings from the EPIC-Spain cohort.

Cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular prevention: Mediterranean or low-fat diet?

Dietary intake and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic vascular disease: insights from the COMPASS trial cohort.

Blood pressure surge with alarm is reduced after exercise and diet intervention in firefighters.

Editorial: Diet-sleep interaction on cardiometabolic health.

Other diseases and conditions

A Mediterranean Diet Pattern improves intestinal inflammation concomitant with reshaping of the bacteriome in ulcerative colitis: A randomized controlled trial.

Increased Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet Is Associated With Reduced Low-Grade Inflammation after a 12.7-Year Period: Results From the Moli-sani Study.

Aging

Rationale of the association between Mediterranean diet and the risk of frailty in older adults and systematic review and meta-analysis.

Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Successful aging in Greeks living in Greece and abroad: the epidemiological Mediterranean Islands Study (MEDIS).

Pregnancy

Influence of an exercise intervention plus an optimal Mediterranean diet adherence during pregnancy on the telomere length of the placenta. The GESTAFIT project.

Children and adolescents

Association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet with anthropometric measurements and nutritional status in adolescents.

Inequalities in the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and physical fitness in the young population during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Olive oil

Development of the whole tomato and olive-based food supplement enriched with anti-platelet aggregating nutrients.

In vivo evidences of the health-promoting properties of bioactive compounds obtained from olive by-products and their use as food ingredient.

Other news

Researchers investigate the role of extra virgin olive oil on astronaut diets
Study evaluates the effects of phenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil on skin health

Summary:

The increase of life expectancy has led populations around the world to continue to age remarkably. In parallel with population aging, frailty, which is a geriatric syndrome characterized by reduced strength and endurance and lessened physiological functioning, is increasing. Apart from the high prevalence of frailty, it is also of great importance due to its dire consequences: increased risk of multimorbidity, falls and fractures, disability, hospitalizations, institutionalizations, and mortality. In this sense, a recent meta-analysis updated the information on the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and frailty. The study confirms a robust association between higher adherence to the MedDiet and reduced risk of frailty. In addition, the authors suggest that the abundant consumption of vegetables and fruits as well as the use of olive oil as the main source of fat, which are both key components of the MedDiet, could explain the observed benefit. Based on these results the authors conclude that the MedDiet could greatly contribute to reducing incident frailty.

Two of the main biological mechanisms through which the MedDiet likely exerts its favorable effects on health are the lipid-lowering effects and anti-inflammatory properties. However, few studies have evaluated whether changes in adherence to the MedDiet modifies cardiovascular and inflammation markers over time. In a prospective cohort study an increased adherence to the MedDiet was related to decreased levels in an inflammatory score but not with changes in a cardiovascular risk score compared with individuals who had decreased their adherence to the MedDiet over a median period of 12.7 years. Moreover, an increased intake of monounsaturated fatty acids over saturated fatty acids was inversely associated with the cardiovascular risk score, whereas increased cereal consumption was associated with a lower inflammatory score, compared with the reduced intake group. These findings suggest that the promotion of MedDiet is an open opportunity to reduce low-grade inflammation, a condition widely associated with chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
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