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Mediterranean diet

Are adherence to the Mediterranean diet and siesta individually or jointly associated with blood pressure in Spanish adolescents? Results from the EHDLA study.

Cytoprotective activities of representative nutrients from the Mediterranean diet and of Mediterranean oils against 7-ketocholesterol- and 7β-hydroxycholesterol-induced cytotoxicity: Application to age-related diseases and civilization diseases.

Mediterranean diet and physical activity in Down syndrome pediatric subjects: the DONUT STUDY.

Trimester two gestational exposure to bisphenol A and adherence to mediterranean diet are associated with adolescent offspring oxidative stress and metabolic syndrome risk in a sex-specific manner.

Interprofessional Culinary Medicine Training Enhanced Nutrition Knowledge, Nutrition Counseling Confidence, and Interprofessional Experience.

Maternal Mediterranean diet in pregnancy and newborn DNA methylation: a meta-analysis in the PACE Consortium.

Diabetes

Dietary habits, lifestyle, and gestational diabetes in immigrant women: a survey in Northwestern Tuscany (Central Italy).

Mental health

Effect of vitamin D supplementation on brain waves, behavioral performance, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial

Quality of life

Evaluation of the Relation between Compliance with Mediterranean Diet and Quality of Life of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Efficacy of Diet on Fatigue and Quality of Life in Multiple Sclerosis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis of Randomized Trials.

Dietary pattern

Major Dietary Patterns in Association with the Grades of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Newly Diagnosed Patients Living in North of Iran.

The effects of dietary patterns and food groups on symptomatic osteoarthritis: A systematic review.

Omega 3

Fish and human health: an umbrella review of observational studies.

Cardiovascular disease

The Development and Evaluation of "Life Age"-a Primary Prevention and Population-Focused Risk Communication Tool: Feasibility Study With a Single-Arm Repeated Measures Design.

The effects of olive leaf extract on cardiovascular risk factors in the general adult population: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.



Summary:

Olive oil, a typical component of the Mediterranean diet, has a protective effect on the cardiovascular system mostly because of its high polyphenol content. In addition to olive oil, the olive leaf extract (OLE) could also possess cardioprotective qualities due to its high oleuropein content, which is significantly higher than in olive or olive oil. In a systematic review and a meta-analysis that evaluated the effect of OLE supplementation on the cardiovascular system, it was noted that interventions using OLE reduced triglyceride levels and systolic blood pressure in adults. Moreover, the authors found that OLE supplementation might also improve triglyceride levels, total cholesterol, LDL- colesterol, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure more significantly in people with hypertension and normal body weight. Still, they found no significant differences in glucose levels, liver and kidney variables and inflammation markers.
In age-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases -also termed diseases of civilization- high quantities of oxysterols have been observed in biological fluids, affecting various tissues and organs. 7-ketocholesterol and 7β-hydroxycholesterol are two oxysterols produced during the oxidation of cholesterol. Moreover, these compounds have also been found to increase oxidative stress and inflammation markers. As this review reflected, some nutrients that are included in the Mediterranean diet such as tocopherols, fatty acids and polyphenols have a cytoprotective effect attenuating or inhibiting the toxic effects of oxysterols. Therefore, olive oil could have a beneficial effect on age and civilisation-related diseases such as cardiovascular diseases by counteracting the high levels of oxysterols.

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