A Korean randomized cross-over trial evaluated the short term effects of a calorie-restricted Korean style Mediterranean diet (KMD) versus a calorie-restricted conventional diet on the lipid profile and other metabolic parameters in hypercholesterolemic patients. Cardiometabolic parameters, including BMI, lipid profile, glycemic index, white blood cell count, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, and fatty liver index, improved in the calorie-restricted KMD intervention group after 4 weeks. The investigators concluded that a calorie-restricted Mediterranean diet not only help to treat dyslipidemia by improving the lipid parameters among individuals with hypercholesterolemia, but also reduces cardiovascular risk by improving chronic inflammation, hyperglycemia, and fatty liver disease.
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