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Dear Colleagues and Friends,
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Unhealthy eating patterns related to excessive energy intake, especially from energy-dense poor foods, play an important role in the development of obesity.
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An umbrella review on this topic identified 16 systematic reviews that gathered evidence on 143 unique studies published between 2001 and 2019. Six of the 16 systematic reviews included 11 cohort studies and 19 cross-sectional studies that reported the effects of the Mediterranean diet on overweight/obesity-related outcomes or weight gain. Overall, it was concluded that the Mediterranean diet is associated with a reduced risk of overweight/obesity outcomes. However, it is mentioned that population specific studies must be carried out in order to assess the specific effects of the Mediterranean diet in various populations.
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The complexity of healthy aging is still a major problem for the elderly. In order to promote a comprehensive evaluation of the elderly and promote individualized interventions, the World Health Organization (WHO) proposed an original overall assessment for healthy aging, the intrinsic capacity (IC). IC is described as "the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age". In a 3-year prospective cohort study, adherence to the "high fruit and vegetable diet" model was positively correlated with changes in comprehensive IC score, whereas adherence to the "high sugar and fats intake" model was negatively correlated with changes in IC scores. In addition, a positive correlation was observed between high-protein diet patterns and changes in the composite IC score.
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